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The most important day-to-day monetary instrument that the Bank of Canada uses to achieve the desired interest rate and therefore the price stability is:


A) open-market operations.
B) the bank rate.
C) the government expenditure.
D) the prime interest rate.

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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The following is a simplified consolidated balance sheet for the chartered banking system and the Bank of Canada.Assume a desired reserve ratio of 5 percent for the chartered banks.All figures are in billions of dollars. CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET: CHARTERED BANKING SYSTEM The following is a simplified consolidated balance sheet for the chartered banking system and the Bank of Canada.Assume a desired reserve ratio of 5 percent for the chartered banks.All figures are in billions of dollars. CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET: CHARTERED BANKING SYSTEM    BALANCE SHEET: BANK OF CANADA    -The major purpose of the Bank of Canada buying and selling government securities in open market operations is to: A)  achieve the desired interest rate. B)  raise money for government spending. C)  reduce the amount of government securities it holds. D)  raise money for a future tax cut. BALANCE SHEET: BANK OF CANADA The following is a simplified consolidated balance sheet for the chartered banking system and the Bank of Canada.Assume a desired reserve ratio of 5 percent for the chartered banks.All figures are in billions of dollars. CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET: CHARTERED BANKING SYSTEM    BALANCE SHEET: BANK OF CANADA    -The major purpose of the Bank of Canada buying and selling government securities in open market operations is to: A)  achieve the desired interest rate. B)  raise money for government spending. C)  reduce the amount of government securities it holds. D)  raise money for a future tax cut. -The major purpose of the Bank of Canada buying and selling government securities in open market operations is to:


A) achieve the desired interest rate.
B) raise money for government spending.
C) reduce the amount of government securities it holds.
D) raise money for a future tax cut.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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An expansionary monetary policy that is used to stimulate economic growth in the domestic economy:


A) increases the overnight rate.
B) results in a selling of government securities.
C) is compatible with the economic goal of correcting a trade deficit.
D) conflicts with the economic goal of correcting a trade deficit.

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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  -Which line in the above graph would best reflect the slope of the total demand for money curve? A)  line 4 B)  line 3 C)  line 2 D)  line 1 -Which line in the above graph would best reflect the slope of the total demand for money curve?


A) line 4
B) line 3
C) line 2
D) line 1

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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The following is a simplified consolidated balance sheet for the chartered banking system and the Bank of Canada.Assume a desired reserve ratio of 5 percent for the chartered banks.All figures are in billions of dollars. CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET: CHARTERED BANKING SYSTEM The following is a simplified consolidated balance sheet for the chartered banking system and the Bank of Canada.Assume a desired reserve ratio of 5 percent for the chartered banks.All figures are in billions of dollars. CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET: CHARTERED BANKING SYSTEM    BALANCE SHEET: BANK OF CANADA    -The overnight lending rate is the rate at which: A)  The Bank of Canada borrows from investment dealers. B)  The Bank of Canada borrows from the chartered banks. C)  the chartered banks,investment dealers,and other financial market participants borrow and lend funds for one day. D)  The Bank of Canada lends to the Department of Finance. BALANCE SHEET: BANK OF CANADA The following is a simplified consolidated balance sheet for the chartered banking system and the Bank of Canada.Assume a desired reserve ratio of 5 percent for the chartered banks.All figures are in billions of dollars. CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET: CHARTERED BANKING SYSTEM    BALANCE SHEET: BANK OF CANADA    -The overnight lending rate is the rate at which: A)  The Bank of Canada borrows from investment dealers. B)  The Bank of Canada borrows from the chartered banks. C)  the chartered banks,investment dealers,and other financial market participants borrow and lend funds for one day. D)  The Bank of Canada lends to the Department of Finance. -The overnight lending rate is the rate at which:


A) The Bank of Canada borrows from investment dealers.
B) The Bank of Canada borrows from the chartered banks.
C) the chartered banks,investment dealers,and other financial market participants borrow and lend funds for one day.
D) The Bank of Canada lends to the Department of Finance.

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

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Which of the following would provide the most accurate description of events when monetary authorities increase the size of chartered banks' excess reserves?


A) A fall in interest rates decreases the money supply,causing an increase in investment spending,output,and employment.
B) A rise in interest rates increases the money supply,causing a decrease in investment spending,output,and employment.
C) The money supply is decreased,which increases the interest rate,and causes investment spending,output,and employment to decrease.
D) The money supply is increased,which decreases the interest rate,and causes investment spending,output,and employment to increase.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following best describes the cause-effect chain of an expansionary monetary policy?


A) A decrease in the money supply will lower the interest rate,increase investment spending,and increase GDP.
B) A decrease in the money supply will raise the interest rate,decrease investment spending,and decrease GDP.
C) An increase in the money supply will raise the interest rate,decrease investment spending,and decrease GDP.
D) An increase in the money supply will lower the interest rate,increase investment spending,and increase GDP.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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An expansionary monetary policy may be less effective than a restrictive monetary policy because:


A) the Bank of Canada is always willing to make loans to chartered banks that are short of reserves.
B) fiscal policy always works at cross purposes with an expansionary monetary policy.
C) the circularity or feedback problem complicates an expansionary monetary policy more than it does a restrictive monetary policy.
D) chartered banks may not be willing to lend their excess reserves to the customers.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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A bond with no expiration has an original price of $10,000 and a fixed annual interest payment of $1000.If the price of this bond increases by $2500,the interest rate in effect will:


A) decrease by 1 percentage point.
B) decrease by 2 percentage points.
C) increase by 1 percentage point.
D) increase by 2 percentage points.

E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Which of the following statements is correct? Other things being equal:


A) a decline in real output will shift both the transactions demand curve for money and the total money demand curve to the right.
B) a decline in the interest rate will shift the asset demand curve for money to the right,but leave the total money demand curve unchanged.
C) deflation will shift both the transactions demand curve for money and the total money demand curve to the left.
D) inflation will shift the transactions demand curve for money to the right,but leave the total money demand curve unchanged.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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To have an independent monetary policy and target inflation,the Bank of Canada must allow the Canadian Dollar to float.

A) True
B) False

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The asset demand for money varies directly with the interest rate.

A) True
B) False

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If in the market for money the money supply exceeds the quantity of money households and businesses want to hold,we would expect the interest rate to:


A) fall,causing households and businesses to hold less money.
B) rise,causing households and businesses to hold less money.
C) rise,causing households and businesses to hold more money.
D) fall,causing households and businesses to hold more money.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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The bank rate is the rate of interest at which


A) chartered banks lend to large corporations.
B) the Bank of Canada lends to large corporations.
C) savings and loan associations lend to home builders.
D) the Bank of Canada lends to chartered banks.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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  -Refer to the above market for money diagram.If the interest rate was at 8 percent,people would: A)  sell bonds,which would cause bond prices to fall and the interest rate to fall. B)  buy bonds,which would cause bond prices to rise and the interest rate to fall. C)  have insufficient liquidity,which would cause them to reduce their spending on consumer goods. D)  buy bonds,which would cause bond prices to fall and the interest rate to rise. -Refer to the above market for money diagram.If the interest rate was at 8 percent,people would:


A) sell bonds,which would cause bond prices to fall and the interest rate to fall.
B) buy bonds,which would cause bond prices to rise and the interest rate to fall.
C) have insufficient liquidity,which would cause them to reduce their spending on consumer goods.
D) buy bonds,which would cause bond prices to fall and the interest rate to rise.

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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The asset demand for money is downward sloping because:


A) the opportunity cost of holding money increases as the interest rate rises.
B) it is more attractive to hold money at high interest rates than at low interest rates.
C) bond prices rise as interest rates rise.
D) the opportunity cost of holding money declines as the interest rate rises.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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  -Refer to the above information.The total demand for money curve in this market for money would graph as a: A)  vertical line. B)  horizontal line. C)  line sloping upward to the right. D)  line sloping downward to the right. -Refer to the above information.The total demand for money curve in this market for money would graph as a:


A) vertical line.
B) horizontal line.
C) line sloping upward to the right.
D) line sloping downward to the right.

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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An expansionary monetary policy may be frustrated if the:


A) demand-for-money curve shifts to the left.
B) investment-demand curve shifts to the left.
C) saving schedule shifts downward.
D) investment-demand curve shifts to the right.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Which of the following is not a tool of monetary policy?


A) changes in the bank rate
B) open-market operations
C) changes in tax rates
D) switching government deposits into and out of the chartered banks

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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  -Refer to the above market for money diagram.Given D<sub>m</sub> and S<sub>m</sub>,an interest rate of i<sub>3</sub> is not sustainable because: A)  the supply of bonds in the bond market will decline and the interest rate will rise. B)  the supply of bonds in the bond market will increase and the interest rate will decline. C)  the demand for bonds in the bond market will decline and the interest rate will rise. D)  the demand for bonds in the bond market will rise and the interest rate will fall. -Refer to the above market for money diagram.Given Dm and Sm,an interest rate of i3 is not sustainable because:


A) the supply of bonds in the bond market will decline and the interest rate will rise.
B) the supply of bonds in the bond market will increase and the interest rate will decline.
C) the demand for bonds in the bond market will decline and the interest rate will rise.
D) the demand for bonds in the bond market will rise and the interest rate will fall.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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