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The ideology of Free-Soil included


A) opposition to the expansion of slavery.
B) a call to end slavery in the United States as soon as possible.
C) the use of military force to suppress slavery.
D) the argument that slavery was tremendously harmful to American blacks.
E) an argument for black male suffrage.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

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In the 1850s, the "Young America" movement


A) called for a national resolution of the slave controversy.
B) supported the expansion of American democracy throughout the world.
C) was promoted by Whigs.
D) called for a constitutional ban on slavery.
E) believed America should avoid the slavery controversy by limiting future expansion.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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In the election of 1860,


A) the Republicans called for a suspension of plans for a transcontinental railroad.
B) Stephen Douglas received a larger popular vote than Abraham Lincoln.
C) John Bell and J. C. Breckinridge, taken together, bested Lincoln in the popular vote.
D) the Republicans won a narrow majority in Congress.
E) white southerners concluded that their position in the Union was hopeless.

F) B) and E)
G) None of the above

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When President Polk received the terms of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, he


A) readily accepted the treaty.
B) faced criticism for failing to acquire all of Mexico.
C) angrily claimed that Trist had violated his instructions.
D) made plans for a military occupation of Mexico City.
E) became concerned about the expansion of slavery into the new territories.

F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

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In the 1820s and 1830s, the government of Mexico


A) consistently opposed American immigration into Texas.
B) consistently favored American immigration into Texas.
C) remained noncommittal about American immigration into Texas.
D) moved from opposing to favoring American immigration into Texas.
E) moved from favoring to opposing American immigration into Texas.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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The Kansas-Nebraska Act played a major role in the demise of the Whig Party.

A) True
B) False

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________ from Missouri established the first legal American settlement in Texas in 1822.

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During the 1840s, the United States added more than one ________ square miles of new territory under its control.

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Why were the Democratic presidents of the 1850s so ineffectual?

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On the trails westward, almost everyone, male and female, walked most of the time.

A) True
B) False

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Mexican residents of Texas were known as ________.

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In the California gold rush,


A) most of the participants were seasoned miners.
B) a majority of the participants found some quantities of gold.
C) upwards of ninety-five percent of the "Forty-niners" were men.
D) few of the participants ended up staying in California.
E) Chinese immigrants who arrived were unable to find work.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

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The United States and Great Britain agreed on the "joint occupation" of ________.

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James Buchanan


A) weakly opposed the Dred Scott decision.
B) opposed the admission of Kansas as a slave state.
C) pressured Congress to admit Kansas under the Lecompton constitution.
D) refused to enforce the Supreme Court's Dred Scott decision.
E) None of these answers is correct.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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The Dred Scott decision represented a stunning defeat for the pro-slavery movement.

A) True
B) False

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The Compromise of 1850 allowed for the admission of California


A) as a slave state.
B) along with a strengthened Fugitive Slave Act.
C) along with an agreement to construct a transcontinental railroad.
D) with the agreement that there would be no additional states added for ten years.
E) as a free state, along with Utah and New Mexico as slave states.

F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

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Only a tiny fraction of the so-called Forty-niners ever discovered gold in California.

A) True
B) False

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Compare the westward expansion of the United States during the first half of the nineteenth century with westward expansion during the eighteenth century. What was similar and what was different?

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The key to victory for the United States in the Mexican War was


A) Zachary Taylor's taking of Monterrey.
B) the Bear Flag revolution in California.
C) Stephen Kearny's capture of Santa Fe.
D) Winfield Scott's seizure of Mexico City.
E) Nicholas Trist's diplomatic maneuvering.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

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The Compromise of 1850 included a Fugitive Slave Act.

A) True
B) False

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