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Southern writers such as Augustus B. Longstreet, Joseph G. Baldwin, and Johnson J. Hooper


A) focused on the lives of aristocrats.
B) romanticized the institution of slavery.
C) brought a robust, vulgar humor to American literature.
D) developed a realist tradition that focused on the lives of ordinary people.
E) None of these answers is correct.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

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In the North, abolitionists were a small, dissenting minority of the total population.

A) True
B) False

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By the 1850s, the principle of tax-supported elementary schools had been established in every state.

A) True
B) False

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In the 1840s in the United States, an initial understanding of germ theory was developed by


A) Edward Jenner.
B) William Morton.
C) Oliver Wendell Holmes.
D) James Warren.
E) Ignaz Semmelweis.

F) All of the above
G) A) and D)

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In redefining gender roles, the experimental 1840s Oneida Community


A) put women in charge of all major aspects of the community.
B) was a controversial experiment in "free love."
C) demanded celibacy from all its participants.
D) carefully monitored sexual behavior in order to protect women.
E) put fathers in charge of child-rearing and taking care of the home.

F) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

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John Humphrey Noyes is associated with the ________ community.

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Evangelical Protestantism was at odds with the reform spirit of the pre-Civil War period.

A) True
B) False

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In the 1830s and 1840s, cholera epidemics in the United States


A) were transmitted to humans by fleas living on rats.
B) led many cities to build water treatment facilities.
C) were diminished, as physicians gained a basic understanding of bacteria.
D) typically killed more than half of those who contracted the disease.
E) None of these answers is correct.

F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

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The romantic movement was invented by American intellectual circles.

A) True
B) False

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In 1840, one catalyst for an American feminist movement was a London convention that dealt with


A) woman suffrage.
B) prostitution.
C) the abolition of slavery.
D) temperance.
E) prison reform.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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If the government required an individual to violate the individual's personal moral code, Henry David Thoreau advocated ________ as a legitimate reply.

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William Lloyd Garrison believed the abolitionist movement should


A) stress the damage that slavery did to blacks rather than to whites.
B) seek the gradual elimination of slavery.
C) demand freedom for slaves, but deny them citizenship.
D) organize slave rebellions throughout the American South.
E) join forces with the more established American Colonization Society.

F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Many of the Hudson River School artists expressed a nostalgic view of nature.

A) True
B) False

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How do the ideas of nineteenth-century transcendentalism link to twentieth-century ecology?

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Many of the women involved in feminist efforts of this era were ________, as they had been taught to expect the absence of gender-based restrictions in their own communities.

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According to the transcendentalists, ________ was the highest human faculty.

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During the nineteenth century, the largest obstacle to improved medical care in America was the


A) absence of regulations in the medical profession.
B) absence of basic knowledge about disease.
C) low social status of medical professionals.
D) difficulty of medical experimentation.
E) apathy of the general population towards preventive health.

F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

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By the beginning of the Civil War, the United States had one of the highest literacy rates of any nation of the world.

A) True
B) False

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Prior to 1860, public education in the United States


A) did not exist.
B) gave the nation one of the highest literacy rates in the world.
C) was legally denied for all non-whites.
D) was funded by the federal government.
E) emphasized independence and creativity.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

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By 1860, public schools in the United States had failed to produce significant improvement in education.

A) True
B) False

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